Optic nerve hypoplasia is a rare congenital condition characterized by underdevelopment or incomplete formation of the optic nerve. This can result in visual impairment or blindness in one or both eyes. The exact cause of optic nerve hypoplasia is not fully understood, but it is believed to be a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Treatment options for optic nerve hypoplasia are limited and typically focus on managing symptoms and providing support for visual impairment. Ongoing research is aimed at better understanding the underlying mechanisms of optic nerve hypoplasia and developing new diagnostic and treatment approaches.